Unplugged Coding Activity (UCA) for Kids: Enhancing Digital Literacy through Creative Color Grids
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35568/abdimas.v8i4.7241Keywords:
unplugged coding activity, computational thinking, digital literacy, international collaboration, elementary schoolAbstract
This community service activity aims to introduce the basic concepts of computational thinking (CT) through unplugged coding methods for 4th, 5th, and 6th-grade students at SD Ulil Albab, Bangkalan. This program was a collaboration between lecturers from Informatics Education, Informatics Engineering study program, University of Trunojoyo Madura, and also international students from Palacky University, the Czech Republic. The main method used was unplugged coding activity (UCA). UCA is an activity of coloring row-column grids to form specific objects. Students are given instructions in English to color the boxes according to color codes that represent certain objects. The involvement of international students in delivering coding instructions in different languages can motivate students to complete the color coding on the image enthusiastically. This activity trained students in logic, problem-solving, and basic foreign language recognition while introducing computational thinking concepts without digital devices. The measurable outcomes showed that over 90% of students completed the assigned patterns according to instructions. Feedback from teachers indicated improved student engagement and confidence in understanding basic programming logic. These results demonstrate that unplugged coding can effectively foster problem-solving skills and computational thinking in elementary students.
Downloads
References
Amalia, N., & Hidayat, M. (2021). Literasi digital dan computational thinking pada pendidikan dasar. Jurnal Pendidikan Dasar Indonesia, 6(2), 55–64.
Andriani, D., & Suryana, E. (2021). Pengembangan pembelajaran pemrograman unplugged untuk meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir logis siswa. Jurnal Pendidikan dan Teknologi, 6(2), 88–97.
Araya, R., & Isoda, M. (2023). Unplugged computational thinking with coloring books. J. Southeast Asian Educ, 1, 72-91.
Astuti, S., & Widodo, S. (2019). Pengenalan pemrograman dengan pendekatan unplugged untuk siswa sekolah dasar. Jurnal Inovasi Pendidikan Dasar, 3(2), 44–52.
Babullah, R. (2022). Teori perkembangan kognitif jean piaget dan penerapannya. Epistemic: Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan, 1(2), 131-152. https://doi.org/10.70287/epistemic.v1i2.10
Bell, T., Alexander, J., Freeman, I., & Grimley, M. (2009). Computer science unplugged: school students doing real computing without computers. The New Zealand Journal Of Applied Computing And Information Technology, 13(1), 20–29.
Brennan, K., & Resnick, M. (2012). New frameworks for studying and assessing the development of computational thinking. In Proceedings of AERA 2012. Vancouver, Canada. https://scratched.gse.harvard.edu/ct/files/AERA2012.pdf
Camacho, R. S., & Rocabert, J. (2023). Computational thinking programs in primary education: a systematic review. Digital Education Review, 44, 81–103.
Dagienė, V., & Sentance, S. (2016). it’s computational thinking! bebras tasks in the curriculum. in s. pozdniakov & v. dagienė (eds.), Informatics in Schools: Improvement of Informatics Knowledge and Perception (ISSEP 2016) (LNCS 9973, pp. 28–39). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-46747-4_3
Denning, P. J. (2017). Remaining trouble spots with computational thinking. Communications of the ACM, 60(6), 33–39. https://doi.org/10.1145/2998438
Fauziyah, C., Adhe, K. R., Saroinsong, W. P., & Kristanto, A. (2025). Pengembangan media unplugged coding terhadap computational thinking dan problem solving pada pendidikan anak usia 5-6 tahun. Jurnal Madinasika: Manajemen Pendidikan dan Keguruan, 6(2), 204-212.
Grover, S., & Pea, R. (2013). Computational Thinking in K–12: A review of the state of the field. Educational Researcher, 42(1), 38–43. https://doi.org/10.3102/0013189X12463051
Jumrah, J. (2019). Kegiatan mewarnai dan perkembangan anak usia dini. Raudhatul Athfal: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam Anak Usia Dini, 3(2), 112-133. https://doi.org/10.19109/ra.v3i2.4477
Kalelioglu, F., Gülbahar, Y., & Kukul, V. (2016). A framework for computational thinking based on a systematic research review. Baltic Journal of Modern Computing, 4(3), 583–596. https://bjmc.lu.lv/fileadmin/user_upload/lu_portal/projekti/bjmc/Contents/4_3_15_Kalelioglu.pdf
Kemendikbudristek. (2025). Pembelajaran koding dan kecerdasan artifisial pada pendidikan dasar dan menengah (naskah akademik & laman program). Pusat Kurikulum Kemdikbudristek. https://kurikulum.kemdikbud.go.id/file/1741766787_manage_file.pdf
Kurniawan, E., & Lestari, S. (2021). Analisis Kesiapan Guru Dalam Mengimplementasikan Kurikulum Coding. Jurnal Pendidikan Indonesia, 10(1), 15–26.
Lee, H. Y., Wu, T. T., Lin, C. J., Wang, W. S., & Huang, Y. M. (2024). Integrating computational thinking into scaffolding learning: an innovative approach to enhance science, technology, engineering, and mathematics hands-on learning. Journal of Educational Computing Research, 62(2), 211-247. https://doi.org/10.1177/07356331231211916
Liu, Z., Huang, J., Zhai, X., & Li, Y. (2024). Bringing computational thinking into classrooms: a systematic review of teachers’ ct-focused professional development. International Journal of STEM Education, 11(1), 24. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40594-024-00510-6
Lye, S. Y., & Koh, J. H. L. (2014). Review on teaching and learning of computational thinking through programming: what is next for K–12?. Computers in Human Behavior, 41, 51–61. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2014.09.012
Marinda, L. (2020). Teori perkembangan kognitif jean piaget dan problematikanya pada anak usia sekolah dasar. An-Nisa Journal of Gender Studies, 13(1), 116-152. https://doi.org/10.35719/annisa.v13i1.26
Moreno-León, J., Robles, G., & Román-González, M. (2015). Dr. Scratch: automatic analysis of scratch projects to assess and foster computational thinking. RED: Revista de Educación a Distancia, 46(10), 1–23. https://doi.org/10.6018/red/46/10
Muntasir, M., & Akbar, I. (2023). Revisiting the significance of zdp and scaffolding in english language teaching. JETLEE: Journal of English Language Teaching, Linguistics, and Literature, 3(1), 40-45. https://doi.org/10.47766/jetlee.v3i1.1276
Nouri, J., Zhang, L., Mannila, L., & Norén, E. (2020). Development of computational thinking, digital competence and 21st century skills when learning programming in K-9. Education Inquiry, 11(1), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1080/20004508.2019.1627844
Nurhayati, L. (2022). Literasi bahasa inggris berbasis aktivitas kontekstual di sekolah dasar. Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa, 8(2), 77–89.
Nuriyanti, R., Rochaiti, F., Sari, E. N., & Pangestu, M. B. (2022). Penerapan metode pembelajaran diskusi berbantuan media gambar berbentuk puzzle meningkatkan aktivitas dan hasil belajar siswa materi jenis-jenis pekerjaan pada kelas III di sdn wringinanom 1 probolinggo. In Seminar Nasional Sosial, Sains, Pendidikan, Humaniora (SENASSDRA), 1(1), 117-124.
Nuryati, N., & Darsinah, D. (2021). Implementasi teori perkembangan kognitif jean piaget dalam pembelajaran matematika di sekolah dasar. Jurnal Papeda: Jurnal Publikasi Pendidikan Dasar, 3(2), 153-162.
OECD. (2023a). OECD digital education outlook 2023: towards an effective digital education ecosystem. Paris: OECD Publishing.
OECD. (2023b). OECD skills outlook 2023. Paris: OECD Publishing.
Papert, S. (1993). Mindstorms: children, computers, and powerful ideas (2nd ed.). New York: Basic Books.
Pratama, R. A., & Hartanto, W. (2022). Literasi digital siswa sekolah dasar di era society 5.0. Jurnal Pendidikan Dasar Nusantara, 8(2), 101–113.
Putra, A. D., & Rahman, F. (2020). Pengembangan literasi digital berbasis coding untuk siswa sd. Jurnal Pendidikan Informatika, 4(1), 45–53.
Resnick, M. (2017). Lifelong kindergarten: cultivating creativity through projects, passion, peers, and play. MIT Press. https://mitpress.mit.edu/9780262536134/lifelong-kindergarten/
Selby, C., & Woollard, J. (2013). Computational thinking: the developing definition. University of Southampton. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/356481/1/Selby_Woollard_bg_soton_eprints.pdf
Setiawan, R., & Nugroho, A. (2021). Strategi implementasi kurikulum coding di sekolah dasar. Jurnal Inovasi Pendidikan Dasar, 5(1), 22–31.
Sukmana, Y., Suryani, N., & Pramudiani, P. (2021). Implementasi computational thinking melalui pembelajaran unplugged di sekolah dasar. Jurnal Teknologi Pendidikan, 23(2), 115–127.
UNICEF Office of Research – Innocenti. (2025). Childhood in a digital world. New York: UNICEF.
Wibowo, R., & Prasetyo, H. (2020). Keterampilan abad 21 dalam pembelajaran coding di sekolah dasar. Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan, 14(3), 122–131.
Wing, J. M. (2006). Computational Thinking. Communications of the ACM, 49(3), 33–35. https://doi.org/10.1145/1118178.1118215
Yuliantina, I. (2025). Development of learning strategies to integrate computational thinking in early childhood education curriculum: a study on 36 early childhood education units in kudus. JPUD-Jurnal Pendidikan Usia Dini, 19(1), 37-47. https://doi.org/10.21009/jpud.v19i1.40841
Zeng, Y. (2023). Computational thinking in early childhood education: a systematic review. International Journal of Child-Computer Interaction, 36, 100570. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcci.2023.100570






