Analysis of Parenting with The Risk of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in Preschool Children at Kuntum Mawar Kindergarten, West Pamulang

Authors

  • Ni Bodro Ardi Nursing Department, STIKes Widya Dharma Husada Tangerang, Tangerang Selatan 15417, Indonesia
  • Junaida Rahmi Nursing Department, STIKes Widya Dharma Husada Tangerang, Tangerang Selatan 15417, Indonesia
  • Riris Andriati Nursing Department, STIKes Widya Dharma Husada Tangerang, Tangerang Selatan 15417, Indonesia
  • Firyal Khairunnisa Nursing Department, STIKes Widya Dharma Husada Tangerang, Tangerang Selatan 15417, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.35568/healthcare.v7i1.5919

Keywords:

Parenting Patterns, Risk of ADHD, Preschool Ag

Abstract

Parenting refers to how parents guide and educate their children, either directly or indirectly, as part of their responsibility. ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder) is a psychiatric condition characterized by difficulty focusing, excessive attention shifts, and hyperactivity. This disorder affects children's learning abilities and daily functioning, with a prevalence of 5-8%, primarily in boys. ADHD rates vary globally, ranging from 2-20%, with 14.5% in the United States, 22.5% in Colombia, 20% in Ukraine, and 26.4% in Indonesia, according to 2007 data from the National Statistics Agency. This study aimed to explore the connection between parenting styles and the risk of ADHD in preschool children at TK Kuntum Mawar, Pamulang Barat. Using a quantitative, cross-sectional design, data were gathered through questionnaires from 64 parents of children aged 5-6 years at TK B Kuntum Mawar. Statistical analysis using the Spearman rank test revealed a significant relationship between parenting styles and the risk of ADHD (p-value = 0.014 <α 0.05). The findings suggest that parenting styles influence the likelihood of ADHD in preschoolers. Parents are encouraged to adopt effective parenting approaches to reduce the risk of ADHD in young children.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

ADHD Institute (2021) Epidemiology. Available at: https://adhd- institute.com/burden-of-adhd/epidemiology/.

Al.,Tridhonanto. 2014. Mengembangkan Pola Asuh Demokratis. Jakarta: PT Elex Media Komputindo.

American Psychiatric Association. (2000). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th ed., text rev.). Washington, DC: Author.

American Psychiatric Association. (2015). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorder, Fourth Edition, Text Revision. Washington DC: American Psychiatric Association.

American Psychiatric Association. (2015). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed.). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association.

Ardianto, T., & Kurniasari, L. (2019). Hubungan tingkat pengetahuan dan status pekerjaan ibu dengan deteksi dini ADHD pada anak usia 5-7 tahun studi di Puskesmas Air Putih Samarinda. Borneo Student Research (BSR), 1(1), 254–261. https://journals.umkt.ac.id/index.php/bsr/article/view/426

Center for Disease Control and Prevention (2020) Data and Statistics About ADHD. Available at: https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/adhd/data.html.

Efendi, M., Putri, Y. N., Atiq, N. A. B., Sarah, P. R., Pertiwi, A. D., & Sjamsir, H. (2022). Pola Asuh Terhadap Anak Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Jurnal Pelita PAUD, 7(1), 226-235.

Fazrin, I. (2018). Pendidikan Kesehatan Deteksi Dini Tumbuh Kembang Pada Anak Di Paud Lab School UNPGRI Kediri. Journal of Community Engagement in Health, 1(2), 6-14. DOI: 10.30994/jceh.v1i2.8

Hayati, D. L., & Apsari, N. C. (2019). Pelayanan Khusus Bagi Anak Dengan Attentions Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (Adhd) Dalam Meningkatkan Kebutuhan Pengendalian Diri Dan Belajar Di Sekolah Inklusif. Prosiding Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat, 6(1), 108-122. https://nschdata.org/browse/survey/results?q=8173

Kaunang, N. E., Munayang, H., & Kaunang, T. M. (2016). Pola asuh pada anak gangguan pemusatan perhatian dan hiperaktivitas di kota Manado. e- CliniC, 4 (2). 20 Februari 2024. https://ejournal.unsrat.ac.id/index.php/eclinic/article/. /12386.

Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia (Kemenkes). (2023). Gangguan Pemusatan Perhatian Hiperaktivitas (ADHD). Diakses dari https://www.kemkes.go.id/

Mansur, A. R., & Andalas, U. (2019). Tumbuh kembang anak usia prasekolah. Andalas University Pres, 1(1).

Mirnawati, M., & Amka, A. (2019). Pendidikan anak ADHD (attention deficit hyperactivity disorder).

Mutiara, A., Nadila, Y., Baitul Atiq, N. A., Ramadani Sarah, P., Pertiwi, A. D., & Sjamsir, H. (2022). Pola Asuh Terhadap Anak Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Jurnal Pelita PAUD, 7(1), 226–235. https://doi.org/10.31949/jpp.v7i1.2500

Ningrum, R. M., Wibowo, S., Majri, A., & Ulfah, M. (2022). Literature Review: Hubungan Terapi Bermain dengan Daya Konsentrasi pada Anak Gangguan Pemusatan Perhatian dan Hiperaktivitas (GPPH). Journal of Issues in Midwifery, 6(1), 1-9.

Panggung Sir.(2015). Hubungan antara Kadar Zink Plasma dengan Gangguan Pemusatan Perhatian/Hiperaktivitas (GPP/H).27 Mei 2017.Vol.17, No.3.saripediatri.idai.or.id/fulltext.asp?q=1068.

Polanczyk, G., de Lima, M. S., Horta, B. L., Biederman, J., & Rohde, L. A. (2007). The worldwide prevalence of ADHD: a systematic review and metaregression analysis. American Journal of Psychiatry, 164(6), 942–948. https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.2007.164.6.942.

Prasaja, P., Harumi, L., & Fatmawati, R. (2022). Gambaran Demografi Anak Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) di Yayasan Pembinaaan Anak Cacat (YPAC) Surakarta. Profesi (Profesional Islam): Media Publikasi Penelitian, 19(2), 152-157.

Prastiwi, M. H. (2019). Pertumbuhan dan perkembangan anak usia 3-6 tahun. Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan Sandi Husada, 8(2), 242-249.

Putra, D. A., & Putra, R. W. (2021). Perancangan Buku Ilustrasi mengenai penyakit ADHD: Gejala, Penanganan, dan perbedaan dengan Autisme kepada orang tua yang memiliki anak Usia 3-6 Tahun. PANTAREI, 5(02).

Putri, D. N. A., Kandhyawati, A. A. A. S., & Kurniawan, C. D. (2019). Pola Asuh Pada Anak Dengan Gangguan Pemusatan Perhatian Dan Hiperaktivitas (Gpph) Di Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Sanglah Denpasar. Jurnal Medika Udayana, 8(8), 1-7.

Putri, D. N. A., Kandhyawati, A. A. A. S., & Kurniawan, C. D. (2019). Pola Asuh Pada Anak Dengan Gangguan Pemusatan Perhatian Dan Hiperaktivitas (GPPH) di Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Sanglah Denpasar. Jurnal Medika Udayana, 8(8), 1–7. https://doi.org/10.24843/MU.2019.V8.i8.P9

Ratnasari, I. D. (2021). Penguasaan Bahasa Indonesia Tulis Anak Penderita Gangguan Pemusatan Perhatian Dan Hiperaktivitas (Gpph) Studi Kasus Pada Usia 8 Tahun Siswa Kelas 2 SD Bareng 5 Kota Malang (Doctoral dissertation, Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang).

Song, P., Zha, M., Yang, Q., Zhang, Y., Li, X., & Rudan, I. (2021). The prevalence of adult attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: A global systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of global health, 11

Stahl, S. M., & Mignon, L. (2009). Stahl's illustrated attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Cambridge University Press.

Subagia, I. N. (2021). Pola Asuh Orang Tua: Faktor, Implikasi terhadap Perkembangan Karakter Anak. Bandung: Nilacakra.

Suhartanti, I., Rufaida, Z., Setyowati, W., & Ariyanti, F. W. (2019). Stimulasi kemampuan motorik halus anak pra sekolah. E-Book Penerbit STIKes Majapahit, 1-119.

Suyami, S. (2018). Hubungan Antara Pengasuhan Paterned Orang Tua Dengan Risiko Attention Deficit Hiperaktivity Disorder (Adhd) Preschooles Di Tk Menur 1 Sruni Musuk Boyolali. MOTORIK Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan, 13(1), 55-70.

Tristanti, I., Indanah, I., & Prasetyo, T. I. (2020). Kejadian Gangguan Pemusatan Perhatian Dan Hiperaktivitas (Gpph) Pada Anak Pra Sekolah Di Rsud Dr Loekmonohadi Kudus. Indonesia Jurnal Kebidanan, 4(1), 23-30.

World Health Organization. "Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)." WHO. 2019

Downloads

Published

2025-01-31